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Journal Name: Shanghai Metals
Founding Date: 1979, Bimonthly
Supervising Department: Shanghai Association for Science and Technology
Sponsoring Organization: Shanghai Society of Metals
Undertaking Organization: Shanghai University
Chinese Domestic Uniform Serial Number:
International Standard Serial Number
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Journal Introduction
《Shanghai Metals》is a technical journal sponsored by Shanghai Metal Society and undertaken by Shanghai University. It is a professional (iron & steel) metallurgy journal publicly issued at home and abroad in Shanghai, founded in 1979. The journal is included in the T3 level of 《Classification Catalogue of High-Quality Scientific and Technological Journals in Metallurgical Engineering and Technology Field 》, as well as the《World Journal Impact Factor (WJCI) Report (2023 Science and Technology Edition) 》. It is recognized as a Core Journal of China Science and Technology, an RCCSE China Core Academic Journal, and a National Statistical Source Journal, and is indexed by international retrieval systems such as CA, INSPEC, EBSCO, and JST. The journal primarily introduces and reflects the scientific research, development, and technological advancements in metallurgy and metal materials at home and abroad. It publishes new technologies and achievements in metallurgy, metal materials, and their applications that are advanced in China and hold practical promotion significance, aiming to promote the modernization of China's metallurgical and metal materials industry and facilitate international scientific and technological exchanges.
Development of Technologies for Refining Solidification Structure of Al-Si Alloys
ZHAO Jing;Al-Si alloys have high specific strength,excellent casting property and resistances to heat and corrosion,and are extensively used in the fields such as automotive and aerospace.However,the coarse eutectic silicon and α-Al phases caused by high silicon content will have serious influence on mechanical properties and fabricating characteristic of Al-Si alloys. Based on the demand for fine control of solidification structure of Al-Si alloys,the mechanism of technology for refining grain,the development of technologies for refining solidification structure of Al-Si alloys,including chemical inoculant(such as Sr,P and RE),Si/Zr poisoning-resistant composite grain refiners(such as Al-TCB seed alloy),physical field refining and rapid solidification technology(semi-solid forming,spray deposition),were outlined.
Effect of Rare Earth Elements Such as Lanthanum and Cerium on Microstructure and Weldability of Q355B Steel
XIAO Hailin;SUN Tao;FAN Zengwei;PEI Xinhua;LIU Yubao;ZHAO Yangyang;LIAN Xintong;DONG Han;Effect of rare earth elements such as La and Ce on microstructure and weldability of Q355B steel were investigated by optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,tensile tester and impact tester. The results showed that the Q355B steel to which the trace La and Ce elements were added exhibited microstructure consisting of ferrite and pearlite,no banded structure in the rolling direction,significantly refined grains,and improved microstructure uniformity. In addition,the large-sized elongated MnS inclusions were modified into small-sized spherical rare earth oxysulfide composite inclusions in the steel,the hardness and tensile properties of the welded joint were significantly improved,the grains in the heat-affected zone were refined,and the impact toughness was obviously enhanced.
Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of M35 High Speed Steel
LIU Wenbin;SUN Zhonghua;HU Jie;QU Haiyun;HUANG Liwan;QIAO Longyang;PAN Xinyu;Effects of cryogenic treatment temperatures and times at the temperature on microstructure and properties of M35 high speed steel were investigated by X-ray diffractometer,scanning electron microscope,universal tensile tester,Rockwell hardness tester and impact tester.The results showed that(a) the cryogenic treatment caused primary carbides to reduce in amount and secondary carbides to precipitate dispersively in the M35 steel;(b) with the decrease in cryogenic treatment temperature,the carbides exhibited a more uniform distribution and an increase in size;(c) with the extension of cryogenic treatment time,the secondary carbides increased in both amount and aggregation degree;(d) the temperature and time of cryogenic treatment had less effect on the hardness and more significant effect on both impact toughness and bending strength for the steel after tempering;(e) the lower the cryogenic treatment temperature,the higher the impact toughness and bending strength were,the impact toughness and bending strength of the steel cryogenically treated at -190 ℃ for 2 h were 62. 3 J/cm2 and 4 950 MPa,respectively;(f) with the extension of cryogenic treatment time,the impact toughness of the steel increased at first and then decreased,and its the bending strength increased gradually,the steel cryogenically treated at 90 ℃ for 6 h exhibited impact toughness as the highest as 57. 3 J/cm2,and the steel cryogenically treated at -90 ℃ for 10 h exhibited bending strength as the largest as 4 810 MPa.
Corrosion Behavior of HRB400 and HRB400A Steel Reinforcements in Plateau Area
ZHOU Yuli;CHAO Yuelin;DI Quankang;GONG Cui;Corrosion behavior of HRB400A steel reinforcement whose essential composition was 0. 45% Cr-0. 38% Cu-0. 11% P(by mass) used for 1,2,and 3 a in plateau area,including corrosion rate,macroscopic appearance,cross-sectional micrograph,and components of corrosion products,was investigated by camera,scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffractometer,and weight-loss method,and compared with those of HRB400 steel reinforcement without chromium and copper elements. The results showed that(a) HRB400 and HRB400A steel reinforcements all exhibited microstructure consisting of ferrite and pearlite and largely the same mechanical properties;(b) the corrosion mass-loss of HRB400A steel reinforcements used for 1,2,and 3 a in plateau area was respectively 42%,8%,and 14% less than that of HRB400 steel reinforcements used for the same lengths of time;(c) the plateau atmosphere had no evident influence on density and phase structure of the corrosion products on HRB400A steel reinforcement,and the corrosion products on HRB400 and HRB400A steel reinforcements were denser,and mainly composed of α-FeOOH and γ-FeOOH.
Effect of Aging Process on Tensile Properties and Friction-Wear Resistance of 17-4PH Stainless Steel
LIU Xin;JIN Man;LU Shijia;HU Yangyu;LI Junwan;Effect of aging process on the tensile properties and friction-wear resistance of 17-4 PH martensitic precipitation hardenable stainless steel was studied by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer,Vickers hardness tester,tensile tester,X-ray diffractometer,friction and wear tester. The results showed that(a) as the aging temperature increased,the 17-4 PH stainless steel increased at first and then decreased in both strength and hardness,and increased gradually in plasticity,and the steel exhibited tensile strength as high as 1 377. 2 MPa,yield strength as high as 1 326. 7 MPa,and hardness as high as 462 HV0. 5;(b) the optimal heat treatment practice was solution treatment at 1 040 ℃ for 1 h followed by water cooling,then aging at 480 ℃ for 4 h followed by water cooling;(c) the main wear mechanism was abrasive wear and adhesive wear.The wear resistance of 17-4 PH steel heat treated by the above-named optimal process was 2 times larger than that of 17-4 PH steel heat treated by the original process.
Modeling of Elastic Modulus of FCC Phase in Ni-Cu and Ni-Fe Alloys Based on CALPHAD Method
TANG Yu;ZHENG Weisen;LU Xiaogang;For the face-centered cubic (FCC) Ni-Cu and Ni-Fe alloys， a database of composition-dependent elastic constants (C11， C12， C44) was established by both the integration of elastic constants in the literature and the CALPHAD method， and the bulk moduli， shear moduli， and Young's moduli were further predicted by the Voigt-Reuss-Hill approximation method. The results showed that the elastic constants of the Ni-Cu system decreased progressively with the increase of Cu content， whereas those of the Ni-Fe system exhibited extreme values near 10% and 70% Fe (atom fraction). Moreover， the Young's modulus of the alloys with different compositions measured by integrating diffusion couple， nanoindentation， and electron probe micro-analysis agreed well with the model predictions within the experimental error， which further verified the reliability of the database. The established elastic moduli database will provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of mechanical properties and composition design of multi-component nickel-based alloys.
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Thermal-Mechanical Coupled Numerical Study on Ringing Process of Small-Gauge R4-Grade Mooring Chain
ZHANG Jun;ZHAO Sixin;LI Junwan;A Johnson-Cook elastic-plastic constitutive model for the steel used for R4?grade mooring chain was established. The thermophysical parameters of the steel were measured， and a thermal-mechanically coupled numerical model for the ringing and spring?back processes of R4-grade mooring chain 50 mm in diameter was established. The influence of ringing temperatures on the spring?back force and spring?back deformation misalignment was investigated. The results showed that (a) with the increase of ringing temperature， the temperature difference between the core and the surface of the mooring chain link increased almost linearly; (b) there was a high magnitude of stress in the contact area between the round bar and the die in the chain link; (c) as the ringing temperature increased， the chain link increased at first and then decreased in spring?back angle， and increased slowly in spring?back distance; (d) the mooring chain link ringed at 800?℃ exhibited the smallest spring?back angle of about 2.6° and a spring?back distance of approximately 6.86 mm; and (e) considering the change in stress during ringing， the spring?back force and the spring?back deformation misalignment， a ringing temperature of 800?℃ was recommended for the R4-grade mooring chain 50 mm in diameter.
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Research on Microstructure and Hot Deformation Process of Al-Mg Alloy Ingots
ZHANG Ping;CAI Zhuo;YANG Yan;ZHANG Chenguang;Microstructure， second phase precipitation， and hot deformation process of the Al-Mg alloy ingot 500 mm thick by 1 800 mm wide were investigated by optical microscope， scanning electron microscope， and Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation testing machine. The results indicated that (a) there existed a segregated shell of approximately 400 μm in the thickness direction of the ingot， characterized by fewer secondary dendrites， finer grains， and a higher content of intermetallic compounds; (b) there was a significant difference in the precipitation of the second phase and the grain size from the surface layer to the core， the average grain size was 235 μm at the surface layer， 370 μm at the 1/4 thickness， and 612 μm in the core; (c) the area fraction， average size and maximum size of the second phase in core of the ingot were 33.76%， 136.81%， and 107.34% larger than those at the surface layer， respectively， and the size of the second phases at the 1/4 thickness and in the core were mostly 5 to 15 μm; (d) the hot deformation activation energy of the tested alloy was 195.704 kJ/mol， when the strains were 0.2， 0.4， 0.6， and 0.8， the alloy all exhibited flow instability region which expanded with the increase in strain， and when the strain was 0.8， the alloy displayed two instability regions. The optimum hot working region of the tested alloy were determined as the deformation temperature ranging from 430 to 450 ℃ and strain rate ranging from 0.1 to 0.19 s?1.
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Peridynamic Simulation of Crack Growth in U-15Pu-Zr Nuclear Fuel Pellets
ZHANG Xiaowen;ZHOU Liangjie;QU Zhehao;ZHAO Yan;A thermo-mechanically coupled bond-based peridynamic model (TM-BB-PD) was used to simulate the thermal cracking behavior of U-15Pu-10Zr nuclear fuel pellets under power cycling conditions. The results showed that in the process of the power cycling process， the pellet exhibited a significantly non-uniform temperature distribution， with a higher temperature at the center and lower temperature near the outer edge. The radial and axial cracks were easy to form during the power increase stage， whereas the circumferential cracks were easy to emerge during the power decrease stage. The radial cracks primarily originated from circumferential tensile stress， the axial cracks were induced by axial tensile stress， and the circumferential cracks were caused mainly by radial tensile stress.
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Cause and Precaution for W6Mo5Cr4V3Co8 Steel Positioning Screw Fracturing
YU Chenglong;WANG Shuping;CHEN Yaodong;WANG Chunhua;A positioning screw made of W6Mo5Cr4V3Co8 steel fractured in service. The fractured positioning screw was subjected to chemical composition analysis， magnetic particle inspection， hardness measurements， metallographic examination， fracture analysis， and finite element simulation to reveal the cause of its fracturing. The results indicated that the chemical composition， hardness and microstructure of the positioning screw all conformed with the specification， and its fracturing was caused by stress concentration occurring at the root of threads near the large end. The positioning screw no longer fractures after its design being modified.
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THE NEW GENERATION TMCP WITH THE KEY TECHNOLOGY OF ULTRA FAST COOLING
Wang Guodong (The State Key Lab of Rolling and Automation,Northeastern University;Rolling Technology Research Base,National Engineering Research Center of Advanced Steel Technology)In order to inhibit troubles occurred in the traditional TMCP process which adopted low temperature high reduction and micro-alloying,new generation TMCP with key technology of ultra fast cooling was suggested.This tech,its characteristic and material properties were described herein,was the combination of large deformation and strain accumulation in continuous rolling.It was also pointed that this tech,being favor to recycling and stimulating sustainable development,was a new type of technology which saved resource and energy.
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PROGRESS ON METAL MATERIALS USED IN THE ULTRA LIGHT AUTO BODY
Xu Luoping Shao Guangjie Li Lin Zhang Henghua (Shanghai University)The metal materials and the technology used in the ultra light auto body both at home and abroad were reviewed,including the advanced aluminum alloy,high strength steel sheet(TRIP Steel) and the semisolid forming of aluminum alloys.The technical progress was also introduced. [
RECENT PROGRESS ON SURFACE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIESOF TITANIUM AND TITANIUM ALLOYS
He Lijian Zhang Xiaonong (State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiaotong University)Titanium and titanium alloys possessed many advantages, including high strength and low density, good corrosion-resistance and good high temperature properties. Titanium and titanium alloys were widely used in the space flight and aeronautic industries, the martial industry and domestic industry. But the low hardness and wear-resistance confined the further application of these materials. It was possible to improve the surface properties of these materials by proper surface treatment. The application and newly progress of several surface treatment technologies were summarized, including laser remelting, CVD, PVD, thermo-diffusion and nanostructured surface. The multi-composition and multi-layer were also mentioned.
THE DEVELOPMENT STATUS OF BEARING STEEL AND ITS GRADES SERIES
Yu Mingquan(1.School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai University;2.Speecial Steel Branch,Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.,Ltd.)Complement of bearing steel series in the world was obtained after the 100 year development,which included the high carbon-chromium bearing steels,carbonized bearing steels,medium carbon bearing steel,stainless bearing steels and high temperature bearing steels.All the bearing steels stated above were produced on the special production lines with matured technologies.The production capability of bearing steels in China was over 2 million t/a,but there were still many problems in the manufacture of bearing steels such as the steel grades,standards,actual quality of finished products,special production lines.The directions of research and development in bearing steels all over the world were the super clearness(O+Ti≤10μg/g),the perfect uniformity with carbide in bearing steel and the reducing of manufacture cost,the developments of long-service life special steel grades used for the conditions of particular environment and services.
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CURRENT DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN POWDER METALLURGY MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES (Ⅰ)
Huang Baiyun Yi Jianhong(State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy,Central South University)The current development of modern powder metallurgy materials and technologies was reviewed.The basic characteristics,applications and developmental trend of traditional and advanced powder metallurgy materials were also introduced.Meanwhile,the research and development of new powder metallurgy technologies,such as mechanical alloying,powder injection molding,warm compaction,spray forming,microwave sintering,spark plasma sintering,self-propagation hightemperature synthesis,sinter hardening,were also described.The article is issued in two parts.
[Downloads: 7,793 ] [Citations: 149 ] [Reads: 46 ] HTML PDF Cite this article
CURRENT DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN POWDER METALLURGY MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES (Ⅰ)
Huang Baiyun Yi Jianhong(State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy,Central South University)The current development of modern powder metallurgy materials and technologies was reviewed.The basic characteristics,applications and developmental trend of traditional and advanced powder metallurgy materials were also introduced.Meanwhile,the research and development of new powder metallurgy technologies,such as mechanical alloying,powder injection molding,warm compaction,spray forming,microwave sintering,spark plasma sintering,self-propagation hightemperature synthesis,sinter hardening,were also described.The article is issued in two parts.
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CHEMICAL PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF MAGNETIC Fe_3O4 NANO-PARTICLES
Li Chengkui Qi Hongzhang Yan Biao (Shanghai Key Lab.of D & A for Metal-Functional Materials,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tongji University)The chemical preparation methods were summarized including co-precipitation,sol-gel method,micro emulsion,hydro-thermal method etc.Based on the recent progress,relative merits of those methods were analyzed.The application of Fe3O4 nano-particles in magnetic fluid,magnetic recording materials,catalytical and microwave materials and medicine were introduced.
Progress in Research on Additive Manufactured Metallic Materials Reserved for Aerospace Field
SUN Xuan;HU Bin;XIONG Zhihui;LIU Shilong;YU Yishuang;Shanghai Civil Aviation College;Starting with the demand for additive manufactured metallic materials in the aerospace field, the applications and market scale of the additive manufactured metallic materials in aerospace field were introduced. The microstructure and mechanical properties of additive manufactured alloys, including iron-and nickel-base alloys, titanium alloy and aluminum alloy, were reviewed. The typical examples of application of the four types of additive manufactured alloys to key components in aerospace field were summarized. Finally, the existent problems and future research directions of the additive manufactured metallic materials reserved for the aerospace field were pointed out.
CURRENT DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN POWDER METALLURGY MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES(Ⅱ)
Huang Baiyun Yi Jianhong(State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy,Central South University)The current development of modern powder metallurgy materials and technologies was reviewed.The basic characteristics,applications and developmental trend of traditional and advanced powder metallurgy materials were also introduced.Meanwhile,the research and development of new powder metallurgy technologies,such as mechanical alloying,powder injection molding,warm compaction,spray forming,microwave sintering,spark plasma sintering,self-propagation hightemperature synthesis,sinter hardening,were also described.The article is issued in two parts.
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THE DEVELOPMENT STATUS OF BEARING STEEL AND ITS GRADES SERIES
Yu Mingquan(1.School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai University;2.Speecial Steel Branch,Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.,Ltd.)Complement of bearing steel series in the world was obtained after the 100 year development,which included the high carbon-chromium bearing steels,carbonized bearing steels,medium carbon bearing steel,stainless bearing steels and high temperature bearing steels.All the bearing steels stated above were produced on the special production lines with matured technologies.The production capability of bearing steels in China was over 2 million t/a,but there were still many problems in the manufacture of bearing steels such as the steel grades,standards,actual quality of finished products,special production lines.The directions of research and development in bearing steels all over the world were the super clearness(O+Ti≤10μg/g),the perfect uniformity with carbide in bearing steel and the reducing of manufacture cost,the developments of long-service life special steel grades used for the conditions of particular environment and services.
[Downloads: 3,104 ] [Citations: 149 ] [Reads: 32 ] HTML PDF Cite this article